3/24/2021 0 Comments Viking Conquest Storyline
During the 20th century, the meaning of the term was expanded to refer to not only seaborne raiders from Scandinavia and other places settled by them (like Iceland and the Faroe Islands ), but also any member of the culture that produced said raiders during the period from the late 8th to the mid-11th centuries, or more loosely from about 700 to as late as about 1100.This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion had a profound impact on the early medieval history of Scandinavia, the British Isles, France, Estonia, Kievan Rus and Sicily.
After decades of exploration around the coasts and rivers of Europe, Vikings established Norse communities and governments scattered across north-western Europe, Belarus, 9 Ukraine 10 and European Russia, the North Atlantic islands all the way to the north-eastern coast of North America. The Vikings and their descendants established themselves as rulers and nobility in many areas of Europe. The Normans, descendants of Vikings who conquered and gave their name to what is now Normandy, also formed the aristocracy of England after the Norman conquest of England. While spreading Norse culture to foreign lands, they simultaneously brought home strong foreign cultural influences to Scandinavia, profoundly influencing the historical development of both. During the Viking Age the Norse homelands were gradually consolidated from smaller kingdoms into three larger kingdoms; Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Yet popular, modern conceptions of the Vikingsa term frequently applied casually to their modern Scandinavian descendantsoften strongly differ from the complex, advanced civilisation of the Norsemen that emerges from archaeology and historical sources. A romanticised picture of Vikings as noble savages began to emerge in the 18th century; this developed and became widely propagated during the 19th-century Viking revival. Perceived views of the Vikings as alternatively violent, piratical heathens or as intrepid adventurers owe much to conflicting varieties of the modern Viking myth that had taken shape by the early 20th century. Current popular representations of the Vikings are typically based on cultural clichs and stereotypes, complicating modern appreciation of the Viking legacy. These representations are rarely accuratefor example, there is no evidence that they wore horned helmets, a costume element that first appeared in Wagnerian opera. ![]() The stone of Tki vking (Sm 10) was raised in memory of a local man named Tki who got the name Tki vking (Toki the Viking), presumably because of his activities as a Viking. The Grdstnga Stone (DR 330) uses the phrase eR drngaR waRu wia unesiR i wikingu ( These men where well known i Viking ), 17 referring to the stones dedicatees as Vikings. The Vstra Str 1 Runestone has an inscription in memory of a Bjrn, who was killed when i viking. In Sweden there is a locality known since the Middle Ages as Vikingstad. The Bro Stone (U 617) was raised in memory of Assur who is said to have protected the land from Vikings ( SaR vaR vikinga vorr me Giti ). There is little indication of any negative connotation in the term before the end of the Viking Age. People from the Viken area were not called Viking in Old Norse manuscripts, but are referred to as vkverir, (Vk dwellers). In addition, that explanation could explain only the masculine ( vkingr ) and not the feminine ( vking ), which is a serious problem because the masculine is easily derived from the feminine but hardly the other way around. Viking men would often kidnap foreign women for marriage or concubinage. The Old Norse feminine vking (as in the phrase fara vking ) may originally have been a sea journey characterised by the shifting of rowers, i.e. A vkingr (the masculine) would then originally have been a participant on a sea journey characterised by the shifting of rowers. In that case, the word Viking was not originally connected to Scandinavian seafarers but assumed this meaning when the Scandinavians begun to dominate the seas. In Old English, and in the history of the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen written by Adam of Bremen in about 1070, the term generally referred to Scandinavian pirates or raiders. As in the Old Norse usages, the term is not employed as a name for any people or culture in general. The word does not occur in any preserved Middle English texts. One theory made by the Icelander rnolfur Kristjansson is that the key to the origins of the word is wicinga cynn in Widsith, referring to the people or the race living in Jrvk (York, in the ninth century under control by Norsemen), Jr-Wicings (note, however, that this is not the origin of Jrvk ).
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